Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 25

会议视频 1

年份

2023 2

2022 3

2021 3

2020 3

2019 2

2018 1

2017 4

2016 3

2012 1

2011 1

2004 1

展开︾

关键词

发展战略 2

安全保障 2

长寿命 2

Shift2Rail 1

中医学 1

中医药人才 1

中医药政策 1

中医药管理体制改革 1

乡村中医工程 1

体制机制 1

保障 1

公路桥梁 1

劣化分析 1

医药产业；医药研发；优先战略；驱动因素；全链条保障 1

发展目标 1

国民经济 1

城市河流 1

天基信息系统 1

安全 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Evaluation of the contract reliability for alternative infrastructure project delivery: a contract engineering method

Bing WANG, Qingbin CUI, Shuibo ZHANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 239-248 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0018-3

摘要： Governments at all levels are increasingly motivating the private sector to participate in infrastructure development using alternative project delivery methods to relieve financial burden. When designing contracts, governments usually offer incentives while requiring cost or time guarantee to balance project attractiveness to the private sector and fair protection of public interest. However, a practical and critical problem is how to properly design these provisions. Although previous studies have investigated the value of these provisions, a knowledge gap still exists with respect to methods of fairly and effectively designing such provisions. This study fills this gap by developing a methodology that analyzes the appropriateness of guarantee or warranty provisions for contracts. In this study, a contract reliability index is constructed, and a process of evaluating contract reliability is proposed. The New Mexico Highway 44 project, in which three warranty provision arrangements are investigated, is used as a case study to illustrate the analysis process. Results show that although a ceiling clause can effectively motivate the private sector to participate in the project, it sacrifices a significant amount of public benefits. By contrast, although a warranty option can protect public benefits, it cannot effectively incentivize the private sector. A combination of the ceiling clause and the warranty option will therefore result in improved contract provision design. The proposed methodology in this study is especially useful for governments in properly determining contract clauses in infrastructure development.

关键词： infrastructure development contract design contract reliability guarantee provision contract engineering

HTML PDF 收藏

State versus private sector provision of water services in Armenia

Naira HARUTYUNYAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 620-630 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0425-8

摘要： Despite increasing advocacy and adaptation of public-private model of water governance worldwide since the 1990s, today only 5% of the world’s population is served by water utilities with private involvement. The present article examines the experience of the water sector in Armenia with private sector participation. The study describes the process of the introduction of public-private partnerships in the water sector and focuses on analyzing the impact of privatization on water utility performance. The analysis employs the partial indicator method for evaluating the impacts in relation to operational, finance, and environmental performance, done by drawing on the database for the five water companies in Armenia. The empirical evidence shows that private participation in general led to improved overall performance. In particular, private involvement resulted in increased operational efficiency in terms of labor productivity, water metering, continuity of service, and revenue collection efficiency. There were mixed improvements in the operating cost coverage ratio. As for environmental performance, there were gains in the reduction of residential water consumption, accompanied, however, by an increase in non-revenue water.

关键词： water governance water privatization public-private partnership operational efficiency Armenia transition economy

HTML PDF 收藏

Reliability guarantee framework for the Sichuan–Tibet Railway

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 480-491 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0170-4

摘要： The Sichuan–Tibet Railway is facing extraordinary challenges in terms of construction, operation, and maintenance because of its extremely complicated natural environment and geological conditions. Consequently, countermeasures are necessary and urgent to ensure its safety and reliability in the whole life cycle. This study proposes a novel reliability framework to guarantee the ideal operation state of the Sichuan–Tibet Railway. Reliability application in many fields are summarized, including military equipment, rail locomotive, and railway engineering. Given the fact that the Sichuan–Tibet Railway is a complex giant system, Nine-Connotation was summarized (i.e., safety, inherent reliability, testability, maintainability, supportability, environmental adaptability, predictability, resilience, and durability) under the goal of optimizing the operational efficiency. On the basis of the concept of the Nine-Connotation and the understanding of reliability transmission mechanism, the framework of reliability for the Sichuan–Tibet Railway was established, which can facilitate a comprehensive and real-time evaluation of all situations with a clear hierarchy. The proposed framework is composed of a resilience management system, an integrated technology system, and a dynamic reliability assessment system. The pathway for its application on railway construction was developed in this study. The proposed framework can assist in well-informed decisions for the construction, as well as the operation of the Sichuan–Tibet Railway. On the basis of a top–down design concept for the first time, this study emphasizes the railway’s availability and validity to complete the assigned tasks as a whole, that is, operational efficiency. It also shows the reliability transmission and control mechanism of the railway’s giant complex system, innovating and establishing the management principle of great safety and great reliability over the life cycle.

关键词： Sichuan–Tibet Railway operational efficiency reliability guarantee Nine-Connotation implementation pathway

HTML PDF 收藏

Investigating the effect of online and offline reputation on the provision of online counseling services

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 563-576 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0198-0

摘要： The sustainable development of Internet hospitals and e-health platforms relies on the participation of patients and physicians, especially on the provision of health counseling services by physicians. The objective of our study is to explore the factors motivating Chinese physicians to provide online health counseling services from the perspectives of their online and offline reputation. We collect the data of 141029 physicians from 6173 offline hospitals located in 350 cities in China. Based on the reputation theory and previous studies, we incorporate patients’ feedback as physicians’ online reputation and incorporate physicians’ offline professional status as physicians’ offline reputation. Results show that physicians’ online reputation significantly and positively influence their online counseling behaviors, whereas physicians’ offline reputation significantly and negatively influence their online counseling behaviors. We conclude that physician’s online and offline reputations show a competitive and substitute relationship rather than a complementary relationship in influencing physicians to provide online counseling services in Internet hospitals. One possible explanation for the substitute relationship could be the constraints of limited time and effort of physicians.

关键词： Internet hospitals physicians’ online counseling online reputation offline reputation

HTML PDF 收藏

ATTITUDES AND CONSUMER PREFERENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY BEVERAGE PACKAGING: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION PROVISION

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第1期页码 95-108 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022478

摘要：

● Consumer preference for environmentally-friendly beverage packaging was investigated.

关键词： China consumer preference food and beverage packaging green identity label information treatment plastics

HTML PDF 收藏

CAR T cells redirected against tumor-specific antigen glycoforms: can low-sugar antigens guarantee a

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 322-338 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0901-2

摘要： Immune-based therapies have experienced a pronounced breakthrough in the past decades as they acquired multiple US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals for various indications. To date, six chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapies have been permitted for the treatment of certain patients with relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies. However, several clinical trials of solid tumor CAR-T therapies were prematurely terminated, or they reported life-threatening treatment-related damages to healthy tissues. The simultaneous expression of target antigens by healthy organs and tumor cells is partly responsible for such toxicities. Alongside targeting tumor-specific antigens, targeting the aberrantly glycosylated glycoforms of tumor-associated antigens can also minimize the off-tumor effects of CAR-T therapies. Tn, T, and sialyl-Tn antigens have been reported to be involved in tumor progression and metastasis, and their expression results from the dysregulation of a series of glycosyltransferases and the endoplasmic reticulum protein chaperone, Cosmc. Moreover, these glycoforms have been associated with various types of cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, gastric, and lung cancers. Here, we discuss how underglycosylated antigens emerge and then detail the latest advances in the development of CAR-T-based immunotherapies that target some of such antigens.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy chimeric antigen receptor solid tumors tumor-associated antigen glycosylation O-glycans adoptive cell therapy

HTML PDF 收藏

水下隧道衬砌结构服役安全及其保障对策思考

何川,刘四进,张玉春,封坤

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 44-51 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.007

摘要：

本文从设计施工、环境侵蚀、突发自然灾害及突发事故灾害四个方面，分析了我国隧道衬砌结构安全所面临的问题；对上海地区黄浦江越江隧道和地下交通隧道等水下隧道工程进行了调查，重点分析了我国在役水下隧道衬砌结构服役的现状。并基于此，为有效保障隧道结构全寿命周期过程中的安全服役性能，及预留隧道结构长寿命有效条件，从隧道建设、结构性能退化、自然灾害、突发事故灾害等方面入手，探寻我国水下隧道结构的长寿命安全保障对策，以确保在隧道的全寿命周期内乃至长寿命要求下结构的安全服役性能。研究成果可为保障我国水下隧道等重大隧道结构的长寿命安全提供参考。

关键词：水下隧道服役安全安全保障对策长寿命结构病害

HTML PDF 收藏

基于全寿命劣化分析的海底盾构隧道管片安全保障对策研究

刘四进,何川,孙齐,封坤

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 52-60 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.008

摘要：

管片接头是海底盾构隧道衬砌结构的薄弱环节，在海水的高压力与腐蚀环境的持续耦合作用下，其劣化性能严重影响整个海底盾构隧道衬砌结构的安全。本文在分析既有管片接头侵蚀劣化研究成果的基础上，引入隧道服役时间因素，建立可实现海水压力渗透与氯离子侵蚀的管片接头全寿命侵蚀劣化分析模型，分析了全寿命周期（100年）内海底隧道管片接头的渐进式侵蚀劣化规律，重点研究了海水压力与氯离子浓度对管片接头侵蚀劣化及钢筋锈蚀的影响，并基于全寿命周期内的侵蚀劣化分析，提出保障海底盾构隧道管片衬砌结构长期安全的最经济、最合理的对策。

关键词：盾构隧道安全保障劣化分析离子侵蚀管片接头

HTML PDF 收藏

作物遗传改良——农业可持续发展的保证

万建民

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第4期页码 431-432 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.019

HTML PDF 收藏

“Heavenly Road”: The Qinghai–Tibet Railway

Yongfu SUN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第2期页码 304-307 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0079-3

摘要： Xiaobo WANG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2019, 6(1): 131-137.Peter REDFERN, Hua ZHONG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 193-200.Qixiang FAN. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 231-237.Ming-zhou Liu,Cong-hu Liu,Mao-gen Ge,Yuan Zhang,Qing-hua Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2016, 3(2): 144-146.Yu Zhao,Sheng-quan Wang,Ke-chao Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2015, 2(1): 35-38.Ru-gui Chen,Jia-meng Chen. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 52-61.An Wang. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 13-17.

关键词： permafrost protection sustainable development health guarantee system

HTML PDF 收藏

Toward Trustworthy Decision-Making for Autonomous Vehicles: A Robust Reinforcement Learning Approach with Safety Guarantees

Xiangkun He,Wenhui Huang,Chen Lv,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.005

摘要： While autonomous vehicles are vital components of intelligent transportation systems, ensuring the trustworthiness of decision-making remains a substantial challenge in realizing autonomous driving. Therefore, we present a novel robust reinforcement learning approach with safety guarantees to attain trustworthy decision-making for autonomous vehicles. The proposed technique ensures decision trustworthiness in terms of policy robustness and collision safety. Specifically, an adversary model is learned online to simulate the worst-case uncertainty by approximating the optimal adversarial perturbations on the observed states and environmental dynamics. In addition, an adversarial robust actor-critic algorithm is developed to enable the agent to learn robust policies against perturbations in observations and dynamics. Moreover, we devise a safety mask to guarantee the collision safety of the autonomous driving agent during both the training and testing processes using an interpretable knowledge model known as the Responsibility-Sensitive Safety model. Finally, the proposed approach is evaluated through both simulations and experiments. These results indicate that the autonomous driving agent can make trustworthy decisions and drastically reduce the number of collisions through robust safety policies.

关键词： Autonomous vehicle Decision-making Reinforcement learning Adversarial attack Safety guarantee

HTML PDF 收藏

面向城市河流生态流量保障的堰高确定方法 Article

孙媛媛, 尹心安, 毛显强, 张恩泽, 赵彦伟

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第2期页码 187-194 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.022

摘要：

城市河流生态流量不足的现象普遍存在。除各用水部门之间竞争加剧以及生态流量保障措施执行不彻底等已知原因外，堰高设计中未明确考虑生态流量，是导致生态流量无法满足的另一个重要原因。本研究建议将生态流量的保障措施从供水阶段扩展到河道的设计阶段。为了更有效地满足城市河流的生态流量，本文构建了一个新的堰高确定框架。有别于传统框架中堰高设计重点关注防洪和蓄水要求，并以洪水入流作为设计依据，新的框架中增加了对生态流量以及河流流速维持的考虑，将城市河流中能为生态流量保障提供的实际流量作为入流。本研究以典型的城市渠化河流——合肥市十五里河为案例，对新框架的有效性进行实证研究。研究结果表明，旧框架会导致设计的堰高过高，无法有效满足生态流量保障的要求，而新框架可确定更为合理的堰高，从而改善了生态流量的保障效果。

关键词：生态流量城市河流河流生态修复

HTML PDF 收藏

保障我国草地生态与食物安全的战略和政策

“中国草地生态保障与食物安全战略研究”项目组

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第1期页码 8-16 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.01.002

摘要：

草地是我国面积最大的陆地生态系统，在保障国家生态安全、食物安全和弘扬中华草原文明中具有突出的战略地位。本文分析了我国草地资源、草地生态功能、生产力的现状和变动趋势及其主要的影响因素，阐述了目前和未来我国草地生态保障、草地生产力和草牧业发展面临的机遇、挑战和潜力。在以上内容分析的基础上，提出了我国保障草地生态安全和发展草牧业的战略目标、战略重点、关键措施和主要政策建议。

关键词：草地生态保障食物安全发展战略政策建议

HTML PDF 收藏

保障我国桥梁安全的战略思考

周建庭,郑丹

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 27-37 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.005

摘要：

随着我国桥梁服役期的不断增长，其安全性、耐久性及维护管理的问题日益严重，安全保障问题也日益突出。本文调研了国内外桥梁结构安全保障科技发展的现状与趋势，阐述了我国桥梁安全保障领域的现状与面临的挑战，分析了我国桥梁安全保障技术、措施和政策的现状、优势以及与国外的主要差距，并在此基础上提出关于我国桥梁安全保障政策、技术和措施方面的思考。本文的研究结果可为我国重大基础设施结构安全保障计划的制定提供参考。

关键词：公路桥梁安全保障技术

HTML PDF 收藏

铁路轨道工程长寿命安全保障战略探讨

王平,陈嵘,安博洋

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 66-71 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.010

摘要：

我国轨道交通基础建设实现了跨越式发展，但针对轨道工程运营的安全管理与高效维护，仍存在许多复杂的难题亟待解决，突出表现为轨道结构实际服役周期难以达到设计寿命。因此，组织实施铁路轨道工程长寿命安全保障计划尤为迫切。本文首先回顾了我国铁路轨道工程领域取得的成绩，进一步介绍了国外一些发达国家在该领域的发展动态。相比发达国家，目前我国在轨道工程长寿命安全领域的研究还存在比较大的提升空间，具体表现在缺乏顶层设计，研究工作的系统性不足，深度与广度不够。最后就该计划的实施从理论研究、人才培养、智能化信息管理、性能提升与恢复等方面提出了若干建议。

关键词：铁路轨道工程长寿命安全保障 Shift2Rail